42_rainfall/level6/walkthrough

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# Level6
Using ghidra, we can decompile the code and see that it calls `malloc()` twice.
The first malloc has a size of 64 bytes and is a buffer where the program will `strcpy(buf, av[1])`. The second one is a function pointer pointing to `m()` printing `"Nope."`. We want to change its value to point to the correct function `n()` that will open a shell.
To achieve this, we will overflow the first malloc and the second one's header so that we can write the adress through the input in `av[1]`.
To calculate the offset between the 2 allocations, we used gdb's breakpoints and prints, leading us to an offset of 72 bytes (64 + 8).
We just need to print 72 bytes followed by the address of `n()`.
Here is the command:
./level6 $(python -c 'print "A"*72 + "\x54\x84\x04\x08"')